China’s rapid economic development has been realized through its interactive endeavors with many other countries. The China miracle is therefore not an isolated event limited to one country and should not be examined and measured with a single theory such as conventional growth economics, development economics, or institutional economics. Development of China in Modern World System explores the driving forces of the China miracle from the perspective of international development. It discusses how China managed, over the past 30 years, to grasp the opportunities for development through opening itself up and seeking cooperation and competition with other countries in terms of foreign trade, capital, human capital, technology import, and management system. It also looks at the various issues confronted by China in its long-term development.