The Indian sub-continent has long been involved in global capitalism. As the state and the market became key actors in the economy, GDP growth emerged as the central policy goal. Presently, as a rapidly growing economy with widening inequality and huge environmental problems, India needs to rethink its social–ecological transitions. Post-Growth Thinking in India discusses the relevance of ‘prosperity without growth’, or ‘post-growth’ for India, at a time when grassroots alternatives confront and question the consequences of growth.