The Red River Delta is an ancient and predominant area of ​​Vietnamese living, always playing a very important role, being the center of the country throughout the course of history. The study of folklore of Vietnamese people in the Red River Delta, including folk music, plays an important role in clarifying the cultural identity of Vietnamese music. This research also meets the development needs of Vietnamese music in general and traditional folk music in particular; meeting urgent requirements for building a system of Vietnamese music theory. This book is a scientific work of the Vietnam National Academy of Music with the goal of studying the elements and structures of some Vietnamese folk songs in the Red River Delta. The book consists of 4 chapters: 1. Theories, content and scope of research; 2. The culture and music environment and some typical folk-living activities; 3. Folk music structure in daily life; 4. Musical structure in rituals and customs.