The process of innovation and economic growth in Vietnam in recent years has expanded many employment opportunities for the labor force. However, there is still a big difference in employment structure between ethnic groups as well as between rural and urban. Employment for ethnic minority workers remains a major challenge to human development in Vietnam. This study was conducted to understand the situation of human development of some ethnic minorities in Ha Giang province from the perspective of employment for the labor force. In particular, the researchers focused on two communities that account for a large number of people: H'Mong (32% of the provincial population) and the Tay (23.3% of the provincial population). The survey results show the real situation of human development of some ethnic minorities in Ha Giang province in terms of opportunity, capacity, sustainability and efficiency.