In this book, the authors approach to study the island and archipelago culture in the South Central Coast region to assess and affirm the cultural value of islands and archipelago in this region and the status of conservation and promotion of cultural heritage values in contemporary society. The study was conducted through the survey and study of tangible and intangible cultural heritages of maritime inhabitants on typical islands such as Cu Lao Cham, Ly Son, Phu Quy, Hoang Sa and Truong Sa with the living of Vietnamese people and some other ethnic groups of Vietnam in the history of existence and development. At the same time, the researchers propose a number of solutions and provide databases, scientific arguments for protection and management, planning and exploiting cultural resources of islands and archipelago in the South Central Coast region.