Semantic field transformation is a quite special phenomenon in using language. It creates new expressive values for words, thereby creating many unexpected associations of meaning for sentences and text. This phenomenon, when present in a focused and purposeful manner, will make language communication a different nuance. To get rid of the inertia of the habit in language communication one can have many different options. Ordinary speech that uses this method sometimes damages the universality of the language. However, in artistic composition, the use of the semantic field transformation method is particularly favored by linguistic artists. Xuan Dieu is a great author in modern Vietnamese literature. Among the "new things" that Xuan Dieu brought to the modern Vietnamese poetry, the most impressive are the language innovations, the rhetorical methods, and the semantic field transformation.