Medicine and Integration of Frontier Tribes: The British and After in Arunachal Pradesh traces the use of medicine as an instrument of diplomacy in British frontier policy and as a medium of integration in the post-Independence era in the state of Arunachal Pradesh. A new domain of knowledge within the sphere of British–tribal studies is presented here for the first time: the peculiar absence of medical missions; the ‘political’ role of doctors; the European-Indian divide over patronage to the tribes; and the post-Independence government policy on the integration of tribes and the development of modern healthcare infrastructure.