Book 2 of the series entitled History and Heritage describes the process of the development of language, script, and literature of Bengal. Bengali is the language of the Bengalis. The Bengali language has originated in the Eastern Branch of the Indo-European family of languages, and the script has evolved from the eastern variety of the Northern Class of Brahmi characters derived from the Indus Valley writing systems. The tribal languages and script are also taken up to write in this book. The earliest extant Bengali literature is the Charyapada written in the ancient period between the seventh and eleventh centuries AD. Most of the medieval texts comprise verses narrating wonderful mythological tales. The prose literature has been the creation of the modern period after the establishment of the Fort William College in Kolkata in 1800. This book describes the significant literary works and profiles of the poets and prose writers.