Twenty years of Nigeria's uninterrupted civilian rule since 1999 is a watershed in the political development of the country. Although it signifies different things to different people in Nigeria and beyond, however one underlying factor remains obvious the two decades of democratization are not only cherished, regardless of the epileptic nature of the democratization process to bring democratic institutions to maturity, but were also eventful and dotted with high and low points in the performance of actors, institutions and processes. This was expected ab initio in a country that emerged from three decades of authoritarian military rule. Besides, one outstanding question that comes to mind is, what are the challenges of democratic institutions in the past twenty years? This question cannot be answered satisfactorily without undertaking a critical examination of issues and developments in the period and their impact on democratic and development processes. This book, The Dilemmas of Democracy, Civil Society and Development in Nigeria's Fourth Republic examines issues and analyses political contests and attitudes central to the viability of democracy in the past twenty years. The book has evolved from the author's presentations at conferences, workshops and roundtables, which have either been published as book chapters, journal articles or unpublished write-ups. Written by a prolific political scientist who utilizes political economy as his approach to political analysis, the book provides a blending of theoretical and empirical data for researchers who want to know why, where and how Nigeria failed to deepen democracy and engender development as well as appreciate the prospects of the country to become one of the biggest so-called Third Wave democracies.