The reason why today's generations of Filipino is less patriotic is that they are descendants of the new Filipino or those that William Howard Taft called the little brown brothers. They constituted the generation of Filipinos who had undergone re-education, a process which the nationalist historian, Renato Constantinto, referred to as the remaking of the Filipino. The parents were patriotic Filipinos who fought side by side with Aguinaldo, but the offspring were taught to become subservient Filipinos of the American colonial era.