A pithos (πιθος; plural “pithoi” and “dolia” in Latin) was a large storage container form and pithoi were found in relatively large quantities in the entire Mediterranean, from Spain to Syria and Egypt to France, where they were manufactured between the Neolithic and Medieval periods. Pithoi were used for bulk storage, primarily for fluids, grains and olives; they were comparable to the drums, barrels and casks of recent times. Besides these uses they were also utilised as burial containers secondarily. During a long time of their use the form and the function of pithoi were not changed overall. They were exported or imported over the entire eastern Mediterranean. So far, the study of this vessel form has been overlooked, whereas there is still a huge amount of unpublished material from excavations, field surveys and museums in the entire Mediterranean. On September 7-9, 2022, the Catalan Institute of Classical Archaeology has organized in Tarragona the first international meeting on these vessels, entitled as “Dolia in the Hispania provinces in the Roman period. State of the art and new perspectives.