The banking industry and its legal environment have seen significant changes since the First Edition of this book. This has brought in many challenges not only for bankers but also for lawyers whose job it is to advise, deal with and represent bankers. The Fourth Edition, like its predecessor editions, is ideal in meeting these challenges and current demands within the banking industry. In this Edition, the authors have created a comprehensive and convenient study and reference companion for all those who are familiar with the dynamics of day-to-day banking operations and business by blending in the law, the latest developments and current practices especially in the areas of electronic banking and data transfer. It also illustrates and examines the importance of the legal and regulatory framework within the Malaysian financial system which bankers have to operate, covering the provisions of the relevant legislation, guidelines and international standards affecting bankers; the exchange control in banking and financial transactions as well as the risks that bankers, financiers, creditors and lenders should be aware of relating to lending and securities, guarantees, loan recovery and secured debts.