Asia is having more than 61 per cent of world population and is a major contributor of world population growth. However, there exists a wide range of variation in the size of population and levels of fertility. The continent has both countries with the lowest and highest fertility. The family planning programmes are of extreme importance in the population planning of Asian countries. Is choice of contraceptive an individual couple’s decision? — What is the role of government in shaping the availability of contraceptives in a particular country? — How method mix changes with spatio-temporal context of a country? Population, Fertility, and Family Planning is an attempt to address several such issues. The book, based on secondary data on Asian countries, has divided the discussion for low, medium and high fertility countries. It tries to throw light in the trajectory of family planning of 38 Asian countries through the lens of contraceptive method mix. Broadly, the study aims at looking into the history of family planning for each of the selected countries and determining how the government or the state intervenes to shape the contraceptive method mix in its region. The choice of contraceptive use by a couple is a complex phenomenon that depends on a variety of factors. The study further explores how government policies manipulate immediate factors and indirectly guide a couple’s choice of contraceptive. The book will interest researchers, demographers, policy makers, sociologists and various governmental and non-governmental agencies involved in population control.