In this book, the researchers mainly provide documents and comments on the study of farmers' economic and social status before the August Revolution of 1945. In Vietnamese history, peasants have always been a major revolutionary force. The farmer problem is, therefore, one of the top issues that needs to be investigated. This research has been going on for a long time, ever since the Vietnamese Communists began leading the revolution. The poverty of Vietnamese farmers at that time was a decisive factor in motivating them to actively participate in the revolution. We can only fully understand such poverty of peasants by studying their economic and social status before the Revolution. And on that basis, we can objectively assess the revolutionary nature and ability of our peasants in the new revolution period.