This book discusses in detail the central theme of understanding Governance in South Asia. Governance in South Asia is something that needs to be reformed to ensure that poverty can be reduced if not completely removed. Due to poor governance and the various means by which governance has fallen short has led to lack of development and continuance of poverty in South Asian societies. The application of the concept of good governance in South Asia poses a challenge at the implementation level, mainly due to ethnocentricity, regional disparities, division between poor and rich, rural and urban division among the people. Concepts such as decentralization, citizen engagement, lean public service, privatization, autonomy, public-private partnership may work well in developed countries but may not produce the same results in the region where the majority of poor people expect their government to fulfil their basic needs.