High-tech industry is an economic-technical branch that produces high-tech products and provides high-tech services. High-tech industry plays a particularly important role for a developed country like Vietnam. It helps accelerate the process of renewing the economic growth model, strongly transforming to a growth model based on increased productivity, scientific and technological progress, innovation, creativity, and high-quality human resources. The content of the book consists of three chapters: Chapter 1: Theoretical issues of high technology and high-tech industry; Chapter 2: Experience in developing high-tech industry in some countries around the world; Chapter 3: Lessons learned for the development of high-tech industry in Vietnam.