This book explores humanistic economic ways to understand poverty. Mainstream economics has focused on market-oriented economies which have no place for the poor due to lack of financial resources. The basic problem is that mainstream economics has marginalized ethics in economics. The utilitarian approach estimates the poor by the incapability to access goods and services in the market. The author argues that the mainstream economics utilitarian approach cannot eradicate poverty, because it deals with poverty as a monetary incapability to access the market. Poverty or low monetary capability is related to human justice, liberty, and equity issues, in a broad perspective, related to social (society, political system) economic, and ethical issues in the economies. Capitalism or socialism are extreme politico-economic institutions which have failed to remove inequality in the world. In order to remove poverty in the 21st century, we need to readdress the issue from humanist point of view.