The content of the book consists of three chapters, presenting an overview of the theoretical basis of the market economy and some typical frameworks of the market economy in the world; international experience in market economy development, market economic institutional reform; analyzing the current situation of building and developing a market economy in Vietnam during the 35 years of Doi Moi, pointing out the aspects consistent with the socialist orientation in Vietnam as well as the shortcomings and limitations. From there, the authors propose a framework of criteria for the socialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam and viewpoints, roadmap and solutions to bring Vietnam's economy to develop according to this criteria framework in the coming period.