The Fourth Republic re-established democratic institutions that had been swept away by military rule. From 1999, reform programmes in the political, social and economic spheres were launched to revitalize deteriorating state institutions and the economy. But there were several foundational flaws, which have affected, and which continue to affect, the deepening of democracy in Nigeria. The twenty years of the Nigeria’ democratization while representing the longest stretch of civilian rule has been fraught with challenges. This edited volume explores some of these political, social and economic themes that have dominated Nigeria’s two decades of democracy. It explores how far Nigeria has come in its nation building project and where it still needs to improve as it moves into a third decade.