Since the Belt and Road initiative was proposed in the autumn of 2013, it has been adhering to the concept of co-consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits and has been recognized by most members of the international community. The Belt and Road has become a global public product, not only providing Material public goods such as infrastructure interconnection can better provide institutional public goods, which will form a more fair and reasonable global governance concept and governance system, and promote countries to jointly solve global problems such as environment, climate, and poverty alleviation. Green Belt and Road and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development—Effective Connection and Synergies for the Construction of a Global Ecological Civilization based on the China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (hereinafter referred to as Compiled based on the research results of the first phase of the 2019 Sustainable Development Agenda Thematic Policy Research Project (2019), the Belt and Road Green Development International Alliance and its partners participated in the research. The purpose of the study is to analyze the potential contribution of the green Belt and Road construction to the implementation of the 2030 sustainable development goals, identify the opportunities and challenges in the green Belt and Road construction, and the overall principles, goals and implementation paths of the green development of the Belt and Road.