Houses have been an important subject for understanding group identity, as they represent the physical reflections of cultural practices in private spaces. This book aims to contribute to the knowledge of identity in Cilicia by analyzing and interpreting archhaeoligical data, focusing on the dynamics of change in houses and the behaviour of households. The data have been derived from four selected case studies of residential districts, spanning geographically from east to west: Kinet Hoyuk, Sirkeli Hoyuk, Tarsus, and Elaiussa Sebaste. The changes were observed from Neo Cilician 5, corresponding to case studies, architecture and material cultural remains were used to observe the extent to which people adapted to the changes. Discussions were used to observe the extent to which people adapted to the changes. Discussions were also held on the idea that these adaptive or resistant situations are linked to the identities of the people. In light of these observations, it has become possible to define Cilician houses in line with the changes examined throughout the periods.