This book delves into a broad spectrum of issues related to capital formation in Indian agriculture. Through empirical examination, it establishes that a decline in investment, particularly public investment, is the primary cause of prolonged stagnation in the growth of Indian agriculture. It further explores the crowding-in/out hypothesis between public and private investment, revealing that public investments in various forms—such as the expansion of surface irrigation, connectivity, rural electrification, and storage—tend to induce more private investment due to their complementary nature.