This book focuses on the findings of a historical study commissioned by the bishops of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA), the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA/ Cape Church) and the Northeastern Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (NELCSA), in association with the KwaZulu-Natal Christian Council, in order to understand why the Lutheran churches of southern Africa are still institutionally separated into historically black and historically white churches.